Sectors - Climate TRACE
Sectors
Faster, more-effective decarbonization starts with detailed knowledge of emissions sources.
Power
Greenhouse gas emissions from electricity generation.
emissions
| subsector | definition | methodology | Co2e emmisions |
source | data frequency |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
subsector Electricity generation Power |
definition Greenhouse gas emissions from thermal power plants from all major fuel sources including coal, natural gas, fuel oil, diesel, and incinerated waste. Data available for download: Country-level emission totals from electricity generation Emissions and ownership estimates for individual power plants |
methodology Power sector emissions are estimated by first assembling a global geolocated inventory of power plants, generation, and metered emissions data. Machine learning models then predict power plant generation from satellite images. These predictions are aggregated and combined with available generation data and carbon intensity factors to derive emissions estimates. Methodology |
Co2e emmisions
98.36
Billion Tonnes
21.82%
of total global emmisions
|
source Satellite imageryGround Truth Alternative |
data frequency Updated every year |
|
subsector Other energy use Power |
definition Greenhouse gas emissions arising from fuel combustion that are not included in any other subsector. Data available for download: Country-level emission totals from other energy use |
methodology EDGAR energy subsectors were subtracted from Climate TRACE electricity generation to derive "other energy use" for years 2015 to 2022. Methodology |
Co2e emmisions
15.68
Billion Tonnes
3.48%
of total global emmisions
|
source Alternative |
data frequency Updated every year, delayed |
Manufacturing
Greenhouse gas emissions from cement, aluminum, steel, and other manufacturing processes.
emissions
| subsector | definition | methodology | Co2e emmisions |
source | data frequency |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
subsector Aluminum Manufacturing |
definition Direct greenhouse gas emissions released from alumina refining and aluminum smelting processes. Indirect emissions from electricity usage are provided separately. Data available for download: Country-level emission totals from aluminum manufacture Emissions estimates and ownership for individual alumina refinery and smelting plants |
methodology Aluminum emissions were estimated by determining each individual plant’s contribution to the national aluminum capacity, which was used to estimate the plant’s share of country aluminum production. Relevant emissions factors for the plant were applied to derive emissions for a given year. Methodology |
Co2e emmisions
2.70
Billion Tonnes
0.60%
of total global emmisions
|
source Satellite imageryGround Truth Alternative |
data frequency Updated every year |
|
subsector Cement Manufacturing |
definition Greenhouse gas emissions released during the manufacture of cement, including both the emissions released during the chemical reaction to create the main component of cement (clinker), as well as the emissions from the combustion of fossil fuels. Data available for download: Country-level emission totals from cement manufacture Emissions and ownership estimates for individual cement plants |
methodology Cement emissions from clinker production are estimated by combining modeling with satellite imagery and plant-level capacity to generate asset-level cement production. The facility-level cement production values are calibrated against country-level production. Finally, plant-level emission factors are applied to derive total emissions. Country level emissions are estimated by aggregated all assets within the country and scaled to account for missing assets. Methodology |
Co2e emmisions
19.91
Billion Tonnes
4.42%
of total global emmisions
|
source Satellite imageryAlternative |
data frequency Updated every year |
|
subsector Chemicals Manufacturing |
definition Direct greenhouse gas emissions from the manufacture of soda ash, methanol and ammonia. Data available for download: Country-level emission totals from chemicals manufacture Emissions estimates and ownership from individual soda ash, methanol and ammonia plants |
methodology Emissions from the manufacture of soda ash, methanol and ammonia were estimated by using, first, a disagregation model to characterize the production levels for each plant. Then the production quantity for the plant was multiplied by the proper emissions factors in order to generate emissions estimates. Methodology |
Co2e emmisions
4.55
Billion Tonnes
1.01%
of total global emmisions
|
source Ground TruthAlternative |
data frequency |
|
subsector Other manufacturing Manufacturing |
definition Greenhouse gas emissions from other manufacturing industries such as glass, lime, and electronics. Data available for download: Country-level emission totals from other manufacturing industries |
methodology Self reported plant-level emissions data were gathered from various governments sites for few selected countries (Canada, USA, Israel, Europe). Country level emissions from 2015 to 2022 are from EDGAR. Methodology |
Co2e emmisions
28.81
Billion Tonnes
6.39%
of total global emmisions
|
source Alternative |
data frequency Updated every year, delayed |
|
subsector Petrochemicals Manufacturing |
definition Fugitive and exhaust emissions from combustion-related processes of petrochemical steam cracking of oil and gas products, the main global manufacturing process for producing olefins (ethylene, propylene, butadiene). Data available for download: Country-level emission totals from ethlylene manufacture Emissions estimates and ownership for individual steam cracking ethylene plants |
methodology Plant-level petrochemical emissions were calculated by employing tailored emissions factors, estimated feedstock compositions, and projected outputs for select individual asset and major countries. Specifically, for plants situated in the United States, Europe, and China, this method leverages data on asset-level ethylene capacity, utilization rates, and regional emissions factors to derive more precise estimates. Country level emissions for the rest of the world were calculated based on ethylene capacity data. Methodology |
Co2e emmisions
2.06
Billion Tonnes
0.46%
of total global emmisions
|
source Alternative |
data frequency |
|
subsector Pulp and paper Manufacturing |
definition Direct greenhouse gas emissions from the manufacture of chemical and semi-chemical pulp manufacture. Data available for download: Country-level emission totals from pulp and paper manufacture Emissions estimates and ownership for individual chemical and semi-chemical pulp plants |
methodology Emissions from the production of chemical, semi-chemical and mechanical pulp were estimated by determining each individual plant’s contribution to the national pulp capacity, which was used to estimate the plant’s share of national production. Relevant emissions factors were applied to derive emissions for a given year. Methodology |
Co2e emmisions
0.64
Billion Tonnes
0.14%
of total global emmisions
|
source Satellite imageryGround Truth Alternative |
data frequency Updated every year |
|
subsector Steel Manufacturing |
definition Greenhouse gas emissions released during the manufacturing of crude steel from fuel combustion and industrial processes. Indirect emissions from electricity usage are provided separately. Data available for download: Country-level emission totals from steel manufacture Emissions and ownership estimates for individual steel plants |
methodology Steel emission estimates are modeled separately for two subgroups: (1) Blast furnace, basic oxygenation furnace, and open hearth furnace plants that are modeled with satellite imagery and plant-level capacity to generate facility-level production calibrated against country-level production; and (2) electric furnace plants use a disaggregation model to compute their national capacity share. Country level emissions are estimated by aggregated all assets within the country and scaled to account for missing assets. Methodology |
Co2e emmisions
17.44
Billion Tonnes
3.87%
of total global emmisions
|
source Satellite imageryGround Truth Alternative |
data frequency Updated every year |
Fossil fuel operations
Greenhouse gas emissions from oil and gas production, refining, and coal mining.
emissions
| subsector | definition | methodology | Co2e emmisions |
source | data frequency |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
subsector Coal mining Fossil fuel operations |
definition Fugitive methane emissions from coal mining, and post-mining activities of commercially operating mines and carbon dioxide emissions from on-site fuel combustion for coal extraction, handling, and logistics. |
methodology At the country level, a statistical model was constructed using historic data going back 10 years from 2007-2018 based on verified production statistics and forecasting forward to derive 2021 data, before apply relevant emissions factors. Asset-level estimates from Global Energy Monitor. Methodology |
Co2e emmisions
10.48
Billion Tonnes
2.33%
of total global emmisions
|
source Satellite imageryAlternative |
data frequency Updated every year |
|
subsector Oil and gas production and transport Fossil fuel operations |
definition Combustion and fugitive emissions from pumping, separating, flaring, and venting during oil and gas extraction, processing, refining, compression, liquefaction, regasification, and transport of crude oil and natural gas. Data available for download: Country-level emissions totals from all oil and gas extraction processes within the country Emissions estimates and ownership for individual oil basins Emissions estimates for sub-basins (available in a few locations only) |
methodology Oil and gas field- and basin-level carbon dioxide and methane emissions are estimated with the Oil Production Greenhouse Gas Emissions Estimator (OPGEE) Model. Oil refining carbon dioxide and methane emissions are estimated with the Petroleum Refinery Life Cycle Inventory Model (PRELIM) Model. Inputs include a number of oil and gas field characteristics, including production volumes, gas content and compositions, oil assays, and satellite-derived flaring volumes. Field-level estimates are summed and scaled to country-level on an annual basis. Methodology |
Co2e emmisions
44.88
Billion Tonnes
9.96%
of total global emmisions
|
source Satellite imageryGround Truth Alternative |
data frequency |
|
subsector Oil and gas refining Fossil fuel operations |
definition Fugitive and exhaust emissions from combustion-related processes of crude oil refining. Data available for download: Country-level emission totals from oil refining within a country Emissions estimates and ownership for individual oil refining plants |
methodology Oil refining emissions are estimated with the Petroleum Refinery Life-Cycle Inventory Model (PRELIM). PRELIM estimates energy use and greenhouse gas emissions associated with processing various crude oil types for different refinery configurations. Inputs include refinery locations, configurations, and crude refining throughputs to generate GHG intensities and absolute emissions by country. Methodology |
Co2e emmisions
7.83
Billion Tonnes
1.74%
of total global emmisions
|
source Ground TruthAlternative |
data frequency Updated every year |
|
subsector Other fossil fuel operations Fossil fuel operations |
definition Fugitive and exhaust emissions from all remaining fossil fuel operation activities. Data available for download: Country-level emission totals from all other fossil fuel operations within a country |
methodology EDGAR energy subsectors were subtracted from Climate TRACE fossil fuel operations to derive "other energy use" for annual emissions from 2015 to 2022. Methodology |
Co2e emmisions
6.00
Billion Tonnes
1.33%
of total global emmisions
|
source Alternative |
data frequency Updated every year, delayed |
|
subsector Solid fuel transformation Fossil fuel operations |
definition Fugitive methane and carbon dioxide emissions from the manufacture of secondary and tertiary products from solid fuels. Data available for download: Country-level emission totals from solid fuel transformation within a country |
methodology Data from EDGAR. Estimates available from 2015 to 2022. Methodology |
Co2e emmisions
5.65
Billion Tonnes
1.25%
of total global emmisions
|
source |
data frequency Updated every year, delayed |
Transportation
Greenhouse gas emissions from on-road vehicles, aviation, shipping, railways and other modes of transportation.
emissions
| subsector | definition | methodology | Co2e emmisions |
source | data frequency |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
subsector Domestic aviation Transportation |
definition Greenhouse gas emissions from the combustion of fuels in domestic commercial, cargo, private flights, and general aviation. Onsite emissions from airport ground operations are not included. Data available for download: Country-level emission totals from all flights between international airports Emissions and ownership from trips between domestic airports aggregated to arriving and departing airports |
methodology Historical flight status data from OAG for all passenger and freight flights were combined with the International Civil Aviation Organisation (ICAO)’s methodology to estimate emissions from flights within one country between 2015 to 2022. Emissions are then assigned and aggregated to the Methodology |
Co2e emmisions
2.37
Billion Tonnes
0.52%
of total global emmisions
|
source Ground TruthAlternative |
data frequency Updated every year |
|
subsector Domestic shipping Transportation |
definition Greenhouse gas emissions from the combustion of fuels in domestic voyages of vessels greater than 500 gross tons. Onsite emissions from port operations are not included. Data available for download: Country-level emission totals from all voyages between domestic ports Emissions from voyages between domestic ports aggregated to arriving and departing ports |
methodology Shipping estimates are estimated using Automatic Identification Systems (AIS) transmissions from vessels, which is combined with vessel characteristics. The estimation method is based on audited emissions reported to the European Union. Emissions then are assigned and aggregated to the corresponding port based on the port of departure and port of arrival of ship, half the emissions for a voyage are assigned to the arrival and departure ports respectively. Methodology |
Co2e emmisions
1.41
Billion Tonnes
0.31%
of total global emmisions
|
source Satellite imageryGround Truth Alternative |
data frequency Updated every year |
|
subsector International aviation Transportation |
definition Greenhouse gas emissions from the combustion of fuels in international commercial, cargo, private flights, and general aviation. Onsite emissions from airport ground operations are not included. Data available for download: Country-level emission totals from all flights between domestic airports Emissions and ownership from trips between domestic airports aggregated to arriving and departing airports |
methodology Historical flight status data from OAG for all passenger and freight flights is combined with the International Civil Aviation Organisation (ICAO)’s methodology to estimate emissions from flights within one country between 2015 to 2022. Methodology |
Co2e emmisions
3.83
Billion Tonnes
0.85%
of total global emmisions
|
source Ground TruthAlternative |
data frequency Updated every year |
|
subsector International shipping Transportation |
definition Greenhouse gas emissions from the combustion of fuels in international voyages of vessels greater than 500 gross tonnes. Onsite emissions from airport ground operations are not included. Data available for download: Country-level emission totals from all voyages between international ports Emissions from voyages between domestic ports aggregated to arriving and departing ports |
methodology Shipping estimates are estimated using Automatic Identification Systems (AIS) transmissions from vessels, which is combined with vessel characteristics. The estimation method is based on audited emissions reported to the European Union. Emissions then are assigned and aggregated to the corresponding port based on the port of departure and port of arrival of ship, half the emissions for a voyage are assigned to the arrival and departure ports respectively. Methodology |
Co2e emmisions
3.70
Billion Tonnes
0.82%
of total global emmisions
|
source Satellite imageryGround Truth Alternative |
data frequency Updated every year |
|
subsector Other transport Transportation |
definition Greenhouse gas emissions from all remaining transport activities. Data available for download: Country-level emissions totals from all other remaining transport activities within a country |
methodology EDGAR transportation subsector emissions were subtracted from Climate TRACE road transportation, railways, shipping, and aviation emissions to derive "other transport" for annual emissions from 2015 to 2022. Methodology |
Co2e emmisions
1.33
Billion Tonnes
0.30%
of total global emmisions
|
source Alternative |
data frequency Updated every year, delayed |
|
subsector Railways Transportation |
definition Greenhouse gas emissions from the combustion of fuels in both freight and passenger trains. Data available for download: Country-level emissions totals from the railways within a country |
methodology Data from EDGAR. Estimates available from 2015 to 2022. Methodology |
Co2e emmisions
0.82
Billion Tonnes
0.18%
of total global emmisions
|
source Alternative |
data frequency Updated every year, delayed |
|
subsector Road transportation Transportation |
definition Greenhouse gas emissions from the combustion of fuels in all road vehicles within an urban area. Data available for download: Country-level emissions totals from all road transport Emissions from road transport aggregated to urban areas Road segment-level emissions available on request. |
methodology Country level data derived from EDGAR; estimates available from 2015 to 2022. Asset-level estimates derived from a hybrid machine-learning based model that combines satellite and road network driven activity with region-specific emissions factors. Methodology |
Co2e emmisions
48.91
Billion Tonnes
10.85%
of total global emmisions
|
source Satellite imageryGround Truth Alternative |
data frequency Updated every year, delayed |
Agriculture
Greenhouse gas emissions from the growing of crops and livestock for food and raw materials for non-food consumption.
emissions
| subsector | definition | methodology | Co2e emmisions |
source | data frequency |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
subsector Cropland fires Agriculture |
definition Greenhouse gas emissions from the combustion of agricultural residue burned on site. Emissions are gross (not net) as they do not include the carbon sink associated with vegetation regrowth. |
methodology Data compiled from EDGAR inventory. Methodology |
Co2e emmisions
9.25
Billion Tonnes
2.05%
of total global emmisions
|
source Alternative |
data frequency Updated every year |
|
subsector Enteric fermentation cattle feedlot Agriculture |
definition Methane emissions from digestive systems of cattle located in feedlots. Data available for download: Country-level emission totals from enteric fermentation from cattle in feedlots within a country Emissions estimates and ownership for individual cattle feedlots available in select countries |
methodology Methane emissions were estimated by identifying individual cattle operations using remote sesning data and AI. Once identified, the cattle operation's area size was used to predict total head of cattle and converted to emissions for years 2015 to 2022. For country-level methane emissions, FAOSTAT data was used for years 2015-2021; 2022 was forward-filled using 2021 FAOSTAT data. Methodology |
Co2e emmisions
7.95
Billion Tonnes
1.76%
of total global emmisions
|
source Satellite imageryGround Truth Alternative |
data frequency Updated every year |
|
subsector Enteric fermentation cattle pasture Agriculture |
definition Methane emissions from digestive systems of cattle located in pasture lands. Data available for download: Country-level emission totals from enteric fermentation from cattle in pastures within a country County or district level emissions from enteric fermentation from cattle in pastures |
methodology Methane emissions were estimated using spatially gridded pasture data and FAOSTAT cattle data for years 2015 to 2021, with 2022 forward filled with 2021 FAOSTAT data. Country-level emissions were generated by aggregating pasture emissions within a region. Methodology |
Co2e emmisions
8.55
Billion Tonnes
1.90%
of total global emmisions
|
source Satellite imageryAlternative |
data frequency |
|
subsector Enteric fermentation other Agriculture |
definition Methane emissions from digestive systems of other livestock animals. Data available for download: Country-level emission totals from enteric fermentation from all other livestock animals within a country |
methodology Methane emissions for other non-cattle animals was estimated using FAOSTAT data for years 2015 to 2020, with 2021 and 2022 forward filled. Methodology |
Co2e emmisions
6.22
Billion Tonnes
1.38%
of total global emmisions
|
source Alternative |
data frequency |
|
subsector Manure left on pasture cattle Agriculture |
definition Methane emissions from cattle manure decomposition in pasture lands. Data available for download: Country-level emission totals from manure management of cattle in pastures within a country County or district level emissions from manure management of cattle in pastures |
methodology Methane and nitrous oxide emissions were estimated using spatially gridded pasture data and FAOSTAT cattle data for years 2015 to 2021 for each country, with 2022 forward filled with 2021 FAOSTAT data. Country-level emissions were generated by aggregating cattle on pasture and converting to emissions. Nitrous oxide emissions are reported under the "other agricultural soils" category. Methodology |
Co2e emmisions
2.91
Billion Tonnes
0.65%
of total global emmisions
|
source Satellite imageryAlternative |
data frequency |
|
subsector Manure management cattle feedlot Agriculture |
definition Methane and nitrous oxide emissions from cattle manure decomposition in feedlots. Data available for download: Country-level emission totals from cattle manure management in feedlots within a country Emissions and ownership estimates for individual cattle feedlots available in select countries |
methodology Methane and nitrous oxide emissions were estimated by identifying individual cattle operations using remote sensing data and AI. Once identified, the cattle operation's area size was used to predict total head of cattle and combined with the predicted manure mangement practices to estimate emissions for years 2015 to 2022. For country-level methane emissions, FAOSTAT data was used for years 2015-2021; 2022 was forward-filled using 2021 FAOSTAT data. Methodology |
Co2e emmisions
0.70
Billion Tonnes
0.16%
of total global emmisions
|
source Satellite imageryGround Truth Alternative |
data frequency Updated every year |
|
subsector Manure management other Agriculture |
definition Methane and nitrous oxide emissions from other animal manure management. Data available for download: Country-level emission totals from manure management of all other livestock animals within a country |
methodology Methane and nitrous oxide emissions for other non-cattle animals was estimated using FAOSTAT data for years 2015 to 2020, with 2021 and 2022 forward filled using 2020 data. Methodology |
Co2e emmisions
1.78
Billion Tonnes
0.40%
of total global emmisions
|
source Alternative |
data frequency |
|
subsector Other agriculture Agriculture |
definition |
methodology |
Co2e emmisions
Billion Tonnes
%
of total global emmisions
|
source |
data frequency |
|
subsector Other agricultural soil emissions Agriculture |
definition Greenhouse gas emissions from crop residues, animal manure applied to soils or left in pastures (N2O), and drained organic soils. Data available for download: Country-level emission totals from agricultural soils within a country |
methodology Data compiled from FAOSTAT for emissions from manure left on pasture, crop residues, and drained organic soils. FAOSTAT data available from 2015-2020. Remaining years were forward filled using 2020 data. Methodology |
Co2e emmisions
11.89
Billion Tonnes
2.64%
of total global emmisions
|
source Alternative |
data frequency |
|
subsector Rice cultivation Agriculture |
definition Methane emissions from the anaerobic decomposition of organic matter in paddy fields. Data available for download: Country-level emission totals from rice cultivation within a country County or district level emissions from rice cultivation in 25 countries 500x500m and 10mx10m resolution gridded data available on request |
methodology Methane emissions for 25 countries was estimated by identifying rice fields and practices using satellite-based mapping; estimates available from 2015 to 2022. For the remaining countries, methane emissions were generated from FAOSTAT rice production for years 2015-2021; 2022 was forward-filled using 2021 FAOSTAT data. Methodology |
Co2e emmisions
5.71
Billion Tonnes
1.27%
of total global emmisions
|
source Satellite imageryGround Truth Alternative |
data frequency Updated every year |
|
subsector Synthetic fertilizer application Agriculture |
definition Direct nitrous oxide emissions from the application of synthetic fertilizers in agricultural soils. Data available for download: Country-level emission totals from synthetic fertilizer application within a country County or district level emissions from synthetic fertilizer application in over 100 countries. Ownership data for selected regions available. 4x4km resolution gridded data available on request |
methodology Direct N2O emissions from synthetic nitrogen (N) fertilizer applied to crops are calculated based on crop area, crop yields and estimated crop-specific Nitrogen Use Efficiency (NUE). NUE is used as proxy for N fertilizer applied to different crops. The estimated synthetic nitrogen applied to crops is converted to total N2O emissions at country scale using machine learning-derived emission factors. Emissions values for 2022 were forward filled from estimates of 2021. Methodology |
Co2e emmisions
3.32
Billion Tonnes
0.74%
of total global emmisions
|
source Satellite imageryAlternative |
data frequency Updated every year |
Buildings
Greenhouse gas emissions from onsite fuel combustion in residential, commercial and institutional buildings.
emissions
| subsector | definition | methodology | Co2e emmisions |
source | data frequency |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
subsector Other onsite fuel usage Buildings |
definition Greenhouse gas emissions from fuel combustion in stationary and mobile sources not otherwise specified. Data available for download: Country-level emission totals from other onsite fuel usage within a country |
methodology Data from EDGAR's category "Non-Specified". Estimates available from 2015 to 2022. Methodology |
Co2e emmisions
1.66
Billion Tonnes
0.37%
of total global emmisions
|
source Alternative |
data frequency |
|
subsector Residential and commercial onsite fuel usage Buildings |
definition Greenhouse gas emissions from fuel combustion in residential, commercial, and institutional buildings. Indirect emissions from buildings (i.e., electricity) are not included. Data available for download: Country-level emission totals from onsite building fuel usage within a country |
methodology Data from EDGAR. Estimates available from 2015 to 2022. Methodology |
Co2e emmisions
26.46
Billion Tonnes
5.87%
of total global emmisions
|
source Alternative |
data frequency Updated every year, delayed |
Waste
Greenhouse gas emissions from solid waste disposal on land, wastewater, waste incineration and any other waste management activity.
emissions
| subsector | definition | methodology | Co2e emmisions |
source | data frequency |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
subsector Biological treatment of solid waste Waste |
definition Greenhouse gas emissions from composting and anaerobic digestion of organic waste, such as food waste, garden (yard) and park waste, and sludge. Data available for download: Country-level emission totals from biological treatment of waste within a country |
methodology Data from EDGAR. Estimates available from 2015 to 2022. Methodology |
Co2e emmisions
0.19
Billion Tonnes
0.04%
of total global emmisions
|
source Alternative |
data frequency Updated every year, delayed |
|
subsector Incineration and open burning of waste Waste |
definition Greenhouse gas emissions from the combustion of solid and liquid waste in controlled incineration facilities, as well as in nature (open-air) or in open dumps. Data available for download: Country-level emission totals from incineration and open burning of waste within a country |
methodology Data from EDGAR. Estimates available from 2015 to 2022. Methodology |
Co2e emmisions
0.48
Billion Tonnes
0.11%
of total global emmisions
|
source Alternative |
data frequency Updated every year, delayed |
|
subsector Solid waste disposal Waste |
definition Greenhouse gas emissions from the treatment and disposal of municipal, industrial, and other solid waste in landfills and dumpsites. Electricity generation facilities are excluded from this subsector. Data available for download: Country-level emission totals from solid waste disposal within a country Emissions estimates for individual landfills and dumpsites |
methodology Solid waste disposal methane emissions are directly republished from self-reported facility-level datasets where available. Where unavailable, methane emissions are estimated through a Bayesian hierarchical regression model using waste quantities as its predictor if known, or using land area to predict both incoming waste and consequent emissions if waste data are unavailable. Country level emissions from EDGAR, except in cases where the combined total of the landfill-level emissions exceeded the EDGAR-estimate. Methodology |
Co2e emmisions
11.11
Billion Tonnes
2.47%
of total global emmisions
|
source Satellite imageryGround Truth Alternative |
data frequency Updated every year, delayed |
|
subsector Wastewater treatment and discharge Waste |
definition Methane emissions from the treatment and disposal of wastewater from domestic, commercial, and industrial sources. Data available for download: Country-level emission totals from wastewater treatment within a country Emissions estimates for individual wastewater treatment plants |
methodology Wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) emissions were estimated by combining reported data from the Hydrowaste database with WWTPs identified using a satellite imagery and machine learning algorithms. Once identified, emissions were estimated based on the IPCC national greenhouse gas inventory guidelines. Country level emissions from EDGAR, except in cases where the combined total of the WWTPs exceeded the EDGAR-estimate. Methodology |
Co2e emmisions
10.83
Billion Tonnes
2.40%
of total global emmisions
|
source Satellite imageryAlternative |
data frequency |
Fluorinated gases
Greenhouse gas emissions from the release of fluorinated gases used in refrigeration, air-conditioning, transport, and industry.
emissions
| subsector | definition | methodology | Co2e emmisions |
source | data frequency |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
subsector Fluorinated gases Fluorinated gases |
definition Greenhouse gas emissions from the use of fluorinated greenhouse gases in mobile and stationary air conditioning systems and other industries. Data available for download: Country-level emission totals from fluorinated gases within a country |
methodology Data from EDGAR. Estimates available from 2015 to 2021, and 2022 data generated by forward filling 2021 estimates. Methodology |
Co2e emmisions
9.45
Billion Tonnes
2.10%
of total global emmisions
|
source Alternative |
data frequency Updated every year, delayed |
Forestry and Land Use
Greenhouse gas emissions and removals from change in living biomass due to clearing, degradation and fires in forests, grasslands and wetlands.
emissions
| subsector | definition | methodology | Co2e emmisions |
source | data frequency |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
subsector Net Forest & Mangrove Carbon Stock Change - living biomass Forestry and Land Use |
definition Emissions and removals of CO2 from living biomass in forest and mangrove lands. Positive emissions are considered committed (source) emissions to the atmosphere and negative emissions corresponds to carbon sequestration (sink) from the living biomass. |
methodology Net emissions from the forestry sector was derived by first estimating annual total live carbon biomass (TLB, Mg CO2e) in forest vegetation from above ground biomass (AGB) and below ground biomass (BGB). AGB was estimated in machine learning models using a combination of LIDAR, SAR, and, multispectral remote sensing datasets, which was used to derive BGB using allometric models. These approaches were applied to years 2015 to 2021. Then net changes (emissions) in carbon stock between years was calculated by subtracting current year's TLB from the previous year's TLB. |
Co2e emmisions
2.92
Billion Tonnes
0.65%
of total global emmisions
|
source Satellite imageryGround Truth Alternative |
data frequency Updated every year |
|
subsector Net Grassland Carbon Stock Change - living biomass Forestry and Land Use |
definition Emissions and removals of CO2 from living biomass in wetlands. Positive emissions are considered committed (source) emissions to the atmosphere and negative emissions corresponds to carbon sequestration (sink) from the living biomass. |
methodology Net emissions from the wetland sector was derived by first estimating annual total live carbon biomass (TLB, Mg CO2e) in wetland vegetation from above ground biomass (AGB) and below ground biomass (BGB). AGB was estimated in machine learning models using a combination of LIDAR, SAR, and, multispectral remote sensing datasets, which was used to derive BGB using allometric models. These approaches were applied to years 2015 to 2021. Then net changes (emissions) in carbon stock between years was calculated by subtracting current year's TLB from the previous year's TLB. |
Co2e emmisions
0.11
Billion Tonnes
0.03%
of total global emmisions
|
source Satellite imageryGround Truth Alternative |
data frequency Updated every year |
|
subsector Net Wetland Net Carbon Stock Change - living biomass Forestry and Land Use |
definition Emissions and removals of CO2 from living biomass in wetlands. Positive emissions are considered commited (source) emissions to the atmosphere and negative emissions corresponds to carbon sequestration (sink) from the living biomass. |
methodology Net emissions from the wetland sector was derived by first estimating annual total live carbon biomass (TLB, Mg CO2e) in wetland vegetation from above ground biomass (AGB) and below ground biomass (BGB). AGB was estimated in machine learning models using a combination of LIDAR, SAR, and, multispectral remote sensing datasets, which was used to derive BGB using allometric models. These approaches were applied to years 2015 to 2021. Then net changes (emissions) in carbon stock between years was calculated by subtracting current year's TLB from the previous year's TLB. |
Co2e emmisions
-0.31
Billion Tonnes
-0.07%
of total global emmisions
|
source Satellite imageryGround Truth Alternative |
data frequency Updated every year |
|
subsector Water reservoirs Forestry and Land Use |
definition Greenhouse gas emissions from human-made or human-expanded water bodies. Data available for download: Country-level emission totals from water reservoirs within a country Emissions estimates for individual water reservoirs |
methodology Water reservoir emissions were estimated by combining data from reservoir databases such as HydroLAKES and GraND, along with other attributes on climatic zone, weather and elevation. Emissions factors were taken from the IPCC National Greenhouse Gas Inventory guidelines. Methodology |
Co2e emmisions
0.73
Billion Tonnes
0.16%
of total global emmisions
|
source Alternative |
data frequency Updated every year |
Mineral Extraction
Greenhouse gas emissions from mining and quarrying of minerals and ores.
emissions
| subsector | definition | methodology | Co2e emmisions |
source | data frequency |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
subsector Bauxite mining Mineral Extraction |
definition Emissions from energy usage in bauxite mining activities. Data available for download: Country-level emission totals from bauxite mining within a country Emissions estimates and ownership for individual bauxite mines |
methodology Bauxite mining emissions are derived from annual country-level production (2010-2019) and forecasted through 2022. Where available asset level data, data is aggregated from 2020 to 2022. InSAR analysis was used for some assets where production data wasn’t available, by developing scaling factors from assets where we had both InSAR and reported production values. Emission factors were calculated from reported CO2 emissions and production statistics, then averaged by country or region. Finally, emissions factors are combined with activity data to estimate total emission. Methodology |
Co2e emmisions
0.09
Billion Tonnes
0.02%
of total global emmisions
|
source Satellite imageryAlternative |
data frequency Updated every year |
|
subsector Copper mining Mineral Extraction |
definition Emissions from energy usage in copper mining activities. Data available for download: Country-level emission totals from copper mining within a country Emissions and ownership estimates for individual copper mines |
methodology Copper-mining emissions are derived from annual country-level production (2010-2019) and forecasted through 2022. Where available asset level data, data is aggregated from 2020 to 2022. InSAR analysis was used for some assets where production data wasn’t available, by developing scaling factors from assets where we had both InSAR and reported production values. Emission factors were calculated from reported CO2 emissions and production statistics, then averaged by country or region. Finally, emissions factors are combined with activity data to estimate total emission. Methodology |
Co2e emmisions
0.63
Billion Tonnes
0.14%
of total global emmisions
|
source Satellite imageryAlternative |
data frequency Updated every year |
|
subsector Iron mining Mineral Extraction |
definition Greenhouse gas emissions from energy usage in iron mining activities. Data available for download: Country-level emission totals from iron mining within a country Emissions estimates and ownership for individual iron mines |
methodology Iron mining emissions are derived from annual country-level production (2010-2019) and forecasted through 2022. Where available asset level data, data is aggregated from 2020 to 2022. InSAR analysis was used for some assets where production data wasn’t available, by developing scaling factors from assets where we had both InSAR and reported production values. Emission factors were calculated from reported CO2 emissions and production statistics, then averaged by country or region. Finally, emissions factors are combined with activity data to estimate total emission. Methodology |
Co2e emmisions
0.73
Billion Tonnes
0.16%
of total global emmisions
|
source Satellite imageryAlternative |
data frequency Updated every year |
|
subsector Rock quarrying Mineral Extraction |
definition Greenhouse gas emissions from energy usage for mining limestone, granite, and marble. Data available for download: Country-level emission totals from rock quarrying within a country |
methodology Rock-quarry emissions are derived from total production inventories at yearly, country-level scale using a minimum of 9 years of production data (2010-2018). Data availability varies between countries and it is forecasted through 2022. Methodology |
Co2e emmisions
0.01
Billion Tonnes
0.00%
of total global emmisions
|
source Alternative |
data frequency Updated every year |
|
subsector Sand quarrying Mineral Extraction |
definition Greenhouse gas emissions from the extraction of sand and gravel and used in the construction industry. Data available for download: Country-level emission totals from sand quarrying within a country |
methodology Sand-quarry emissions are derived from total production inventories at yearly, country-level scale using a minimum of 9 years of production data (2010-2018). Data availability varies between countries and it is forecasted through 2022. Methodology |
Co2e emmisions
0.00
Billion Tonnes
0.00%
of total global emmisions
|
source Alternative |
data frequency Updated every year |